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Photo of Arvind Chandna
Chandna Lab (SEELAB)

Arvind Chandna

Senior Clinician-Scientist/Pediatric Ophthalmologist & Adult Strabismus Surgeon
Degrees: M.D. (Doctorate of Medicine, Bristol University. UK)
D.O. (Royal College of Ophthalmologists. UK)
FRCS (Royal College of Surgeons, Edinburgh. UK)
FRCOphth (Royal College of Ophthalmologists. UK)

I am a Senior Clinician Scientist at Smith Kettlewell Eye Research Institute (SKERI) conducting research programmes dealing with significant gaps in clinical and scientific knowledge of common childhood eye conditions with poor management outcomes, and investigate them in collaboration with SKERI’s vision scientists. I have put together some of the clinical challenges as research questions to be investigated with a view to improving diagnosis and intervention and ultimately resulting in improved patient outcomes. My main interests are to determine the relationship of accommodation and vergence in strabismus; assessment of patterns of visual function loss in amblyopia and cerebral visual impairment. My research programmes investigate visual brain neuroscience and oculomotor behavior using eye tracking, photorefraction, psychophysics and visually evoked brain potentials in childhood eye disease. I work with a team of young scientists and collaborate with senior scientists both a SK ad other laboratories; children and parents of affected children; and teachers of the visually impaired children with specific expertise in the areas of investigation. such as amblyopia, strabismus, cerebral visual impairment childhood cataract and visual function in children who are monocular. Previously, I worked for 25 years as a Consultant Pediatric Ophthalmologist and Strabismus Surgeon at Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, Liverpool, UK. My clinical training was at university teaching hospitals in Delhi, London, Manchester, Bristol, Miami and San Francisco. My research training at Bristol University was in application of preferential looking techniques in of normal and abnormal visual development. I completed my pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus fellowship at Bascom Palmer in Miami and Smith Kettlewell Eye Research Institute (SKERI) in San Francisco.  

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Journal Articles
Chandna, A., Nichiporuk, N., Nicholas, S. C., Kumar, R., & Norcia, A. M.. (2021). Motion Processing Deficits in Children With Cerebral Visual Impairment and Good Visual Acuity. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 62. http://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.62.14.12
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Chandna, A., Nichiporuk, N., Nicholas, S., Kumar, R., & Norcia, A. M.. (2021). Motion Processing Deficits in Children With Cerebral Visual Impairment and Good Visual Acuity. Investigative Ophthalmology Vision Science , 62(14), 1-17. http://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.62.14.12
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Chandna, A., Nichiporuk, N., Nicholas, S. C., Kumar, R., & Norcia, A. M.. (2021). Motion processing deficits in children with Cerebral Visual Impairment and good visual acuity. Date Published 09/2021.
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Chandna, A., Badler, J. B., Singh, D., Watamaniuk, S. N. J., & Heinen, S. J.. (2021). A covered eye fails to follow an object moving in depth. Scientific Reports, 11. http://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-90371-8
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Ghahghaei, S., Reed, O., Candy, T. R., & Chandna, A.. (2019). Calibration of the PlusOptix PowerRef 3 with change in viewing distance, adult age and refractive error. Ophthalmic And Physiological Optics, 39(4), 7.
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Chen, S. I., Chandna, A., Nicholas, S. C., & Norcia, A. M.. (2019). Differential Experience-Dependent Plasticity of Form and Motion Mechanisms in Anisometropic Amblyopia. Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science, 60, 4109. http://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.19-27005
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Grixti, A., Hagan, R., Nayak, H., & Chandna, A.. (2016). Multifocal choroiditis with panuveitis in an 8-year-old boy with long-standing idiopathic acute anterior uveitis. European Journal Of Ophthalmology, 26. http://doi.org/10.5301/ejo.5000772
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Saeed, M., Raza, S., Goyal, S., Cleary, G., Newman, W., & Chandna, A.. (2014). Etanercept in Methotrexate-Resistant JIA-Related Uveitis. Seminars In Ophthalmology, 29. http://doi.org/10.3109/08820538.2013.839802
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Glasman, P., Chandna, A., Nayak, H., Mangat, S., & Kaye, S.. (2014). Propranolol and periocular capillary hemangiomas: assessment of refractive effect. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismusj Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus, 51, 165-70.
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Sueke, H., & Chandna, A.. (2014). Comments on Infant Aphakia Treatment Study 4.5-Year Results. Jama Ophthalmology, 132. http://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.3532
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Saeed, M., Raza, S., Goyal, S., Cleary, G., Newman, W., & Chandna, A.. (2013). Presentation of Suspected Pediatric Uveitis. Seminars In Ophthalmology, 29. http://doi.org/10.3109/08820538.2013.810288
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Praidou, A., Hagan, R., Newman, W., & Chandna, A.. (2013). Early diagnosis of Stargardt disease with multifocal electroretinogram in children. International Ophthalmology, 34. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-013-9812-9
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Kasbekar, S., Gonzalez-Martin, J. A., Shafiq, A., Chandna, A., & Willoughby, C.. (2011). Corneal endothelial dysfunction in Pearson syndrome. Ophthalmic Genetics, 34. http://doi.org/10.3109/13816810.2011.610862
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Durnian, J. M., Cheeseman, R., Kumar, A., Raja, V., Newman, W., & Chandna, A.. (2010). Childhood sight impairment: a 10-year picture. Eye (Lond)Eye (Lond), 24, 112-7.
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Fisher, A. C., Lake, S. P., Cunningham, I. P., & Chandna, A.. (2010). Web-StrabNet: A Web-Based Expert System for the Differential Diagnosis of Vertical Strabismus (Squint). Computational And Mathematical Methods In Medicinecomputational And Mathematical Methods In Medicine, 11, 89-97.
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Chandna, A., Fisher, A. C., Cunningham, I. P., Stone, D., & Mitchell, M.. (Oct-Dec). Pattern recognition of vertical strabismus using an artificial neural network (StrabNet). Strabismusstrabismus, 17, 131-8.
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Chen, S. I., Chandna, A., Norcia, A. M., Pettet, M. W., & Stone, D.. (2006). The repeatability of best corrected acuity in normal and amblyopic children 4 to 12 years of age. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sciinvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 47, 614-9.
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Chen, S. I., Norcia, A. M., Pettet, M. W., & Chandna, A.. (Dec). Measurement of position acuity in strabismus and amblyopia: specificity of the vernier VEP paradigm. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sciinvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 46, 4563-70.
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Chandna, A., Gonzalez-Martin, J. A., & Norcia, A. M.. (2004). Recovery of contour integration in relation to LogMAR visual acuity during treatment of amblyopia in children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sciinvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 45, 4016-22.
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Chandna, A., Pennefather, P. M., Kovacs, I., & Norcia, A. M.. (2001). Contour Integration Deficits in Anisometropic Amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sciinvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 42, 875-878.
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Kovacs, I., Polat, U., Pennefather, P. M., Chandna, A., & Norcia, A. M.. (2000). A new test of contour integration deficits in patients with a history of disrupted binocular experience during visual development. Vision Resvision Res, 40, 1775-1783.
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Laws, D., Noonan, C. P., Ward, A., & Chandna, A.. (2000). Binocular Fixation Pattern and Visual Acuity in Children With Strabismic Amblyopia. Pediatric Ophthalmology And Strabismuspediatric Ophthalmology And Strabismus, 37, 24-28.
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Pennefather, P. M., Chandna, A., Kovacs, I., Polat, U., & Norcia, A. M.. (1999). Contour detection threshold: repeatability and learning with ‘contour cards’. Spatial Visionspatial Vision, 12, 257-266.
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Chandna, A. (1991). Natural History of the Development of Visual Acuity in Infants. Eye (Lond)Eye (Lond), 5, 20-26.
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Chandna, A., Karki, C., Davis, J., & Doran, R. M.. (1989). Preferential Looking in the Mentally Handicapped. Eye (Lond)Eye (Lond), 3, 833-839.
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Chandna, A., Pearson, C. M., & Doran, R. M.. (1988). Preferential looking in clinical practice: a year's experience. Eye (Lond)Eye (Lond), 2 ( Pt 5), 488-95.
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Presentations/Posters
Chandna, A., Ghahghaei, S., & Foster, S.. (2021). Characterization of Higher Visual Function Deficits (HVFDs) with a Question Inventory in children with Cerebral Visual Impairment (CVI) and good visual acuity (VA). Date Published 05/2021, ARVO.
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Ghahghaei, S., Harris, S., Singh, D., & Chandna, A.. (2021). The spectrum of reading difficulties in children with Cerebral Visual Impairment (CVI): a qualitative study. Date Published 05/2021, ARVO.
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Chandna, A., Chapin, P., Ghahghaei, S., & Pitcher-Cooper, C.. (2021). Assessment and management of cerebral visual impairment (CVI). . Date Published 04/2021, CTEBVI.
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Ghahghaei, S., Haile, M., Chandna, A., & Schneck, M.. (2019). Reading in mild to moderate traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Journal of Vision.
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Ghahghaei, S., Haile, M., Chandna, A., & Schneck, M.. (2019). Reading in mild to moderate traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
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Ghahghaei, S., Haile, M., Chandna, A., & Schneck, M.. (2018). Reading in mild to moderate traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Date Published 10/2018.
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Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center

The Center's research goal is to develop and apply new scientific knowledge and practical, cost-effective devices to better understand and address the real-world problems of blind, visually impaired, and deaf-blind consumers

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Active
Active

Patterns of Visual Deficits in Amblyopia

Background Amblyopia means blunted sight in the Greek language and is a term clinicians use to describe decreased vision usually in one eye most commonly due to a focusing error (refractive error in one eye, very different from other eye - anisometropia) and/or a misalignment between the two eyes (strabismus or squint). Amblyopia is sometimes called “lazy eye”. This is different than being just near or far sighted which is a refractive error usually similar and in both eyes developing at any age and vision improves instantly on prescribing and wearing spectacles to correct the error.

Active

Cerebral Visual Impairment (CVI): An in-depth study of visual functioning in everyday life

The purpose of this research study is to learn about how cerebral visual impairment affects everyday visually guided behaviours and determine interventions to treat the difficulties. This study is conducted remotely through telephone or video link and also in person at the laboratory.

Active

Investigating Reading in Individuals with Cerebral Visual Impairment (CVI)

In this project, we aim to understand (i) how CVI affects reading, (ii) how current rehabilitation techniques or assistive technologies help improve reading in CVI and (iii) what more can be done to assist those individuals with CVI

Active

Reading in mTBI

People with mTBI often complain about dificulty in reading in spite of normal results in usual eye exams. We investigate this issue by looking at accommodation and reading rate and subjective measurement of reading difficuties for a variaty of reading tasks in normal and mTBI population. ...

Active

Eye Movements and Accommodation Patterns in Strabismus

Strabismus misaligned eyes is a common developmental condition in young children that can lead to amblyopia or poor vision and other forms of low vision. This project looks at the eye movements in relation to accommodation or focusing power in these patients to determine predictors of strabismus and outcome of treatment, with the goal of improving early detection, intervention and treatment.

Active

CVI@SKI Meeting. A group for Parents of children with Cerebral Visual Impairment supported by clinicians, researchers and teachers of the visually impaired.

We are a Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute sponsored,Little Learners Program, Lighthouse for the Blind, San Francisco supported information, communication research advocacy group consisting of SKI researchers, select clinicians, teachers of the visually impaired, and parents of children with cerebral visual impairment.

Completed
Completed

Calibration of Eccentric Power Refractor

Eccentric power refractors need to be calibrated for accommodation and gaze position for individual participants. Calibration however can be time consuming. We look at different conditions in which calibration is necessary or preferable. 

This project is now completed. Please see the...

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2318 Filmore Street
San Francisco, California 94115
Email: arvind@ski.org
Email: seelab@ski.org (for participants)
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