Smith-Kettlewell Brain Imaging Center
The Smith-Kettlewell Brain Imaging Center supports a wide variety of human brain imaging modalities, including MRI, MRI morphometry, functional MRI, fMR Iretonogrphy, fMRI dynamics, functional connectivity, Granger-causal connectivity, DTI, DTI tractography, whole-head EEG, EEG functional connectivity, ERG, EEG eye tracking, electroblepharography, etc. Our work centers on human visual neuroscience and computational vision, especially in the areas of human visual processing in adults, of the diagnosis of eye diseases and cortical deficits in infants and adults, on brain plasticity in relation to low vision and blindness, and on the processes of blindness rehabilitation. We are particularly interested in the normal capabilities of binocular visual processing and its disruption by forms of traumatic brain injury.
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Journal Articles
. (2022). Do we enjoy what we sense and perceive? A dissociation between aesthetic appreciation and basic perception of environmental objects or events. Cognitive, Affective, And Behavioral Neuroscience .
. (2022). Self-regulation of the seat of attention Into various attentional stances facilitates access to cognitive and emotional resources: An EEG study. Frontiers In Psychology, 13, 810780–810780. http://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.810780
. (2021). Mental visualization in the cerebellum: Rapid non-motor learning at sub-lobular and causal network levels. Frontiers In Systems Neuroscience. http://doi.org/doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2021.655514
. (2021). Neuroplasticity and Crossmodal Connectivity in the Normal, Healthy Brain. Psychology & Neuroscience.
. (2021). The Interstitial Pathways as the Substrate of Consciousness: A New Synthesis. Entropy, 23, 1443. http://doi.org/doi.org/10.3390/e23111443
. (2021). Excitatory Contribution to Binocular Interactions in Human Visual Cortex is Reduced in Strabismic Amblyopia. Journal Of Neuroscience. http://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0268-21.2021
. (2021). Perception and Appreciation of Tactile Objects: The Role of Visual Experience and Texture Parameters. Special Issue On Multisensory And Crossmodal Interactions, Jpi. Editors: Likova, L.t., Jiang, F., Stilles, N., Tanguay, A.r.
. (2020). Differences in the major fiber-tracts of people with congenital and acquired blindness. Imaging Science & Technology / Human Vision And Electronic Imaging 2020. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.2352/ISSN.2470-1173.2020.11.HVEI-366
. (2019). Learning face perception without vision: Rebound learning effect and hemispheric differences in congenital vs late-onset blindness. Imaging Science And Technology: Human Vision And Electronic Imaging. http://doi.org/10.2352/ISSN.2470-1173.2019.12.HVEI-237 Human Vision and Electronic Imaging 2019
. (2018). When light hurts: Comparative morphometry of human brainstem in traumatic photalgia. Nature Scientific Reports, 8(1):6256. http://doi.org/doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-24386-z
Conference Papers
. (2021). Multipurpose spatiomotor capture system for haptic and visual training and testing in the blind and the sighted. In IS&T Human Vision and Electronic Imaging Proceedings.
. (2020). Face perception as a multisensory process. In Multisensory and Crossmodal Interactions, at IS&T HVEI. Multisensory and Crossmodal Interactions, at IS&T HVEI: Burlingame, California. Retrieved from https://www.imaging.org/site/IST/Conferences/EI/EI_2020/Conference/C_HVEI.aspx
Presentations/Posters
. (2021). Cerebellum vs. cerebrum in memory visualization: Rapid cognitive learning at sub-lobular and causal network levels. IS&T Human Vision and Electronic Imaging .
. (2021). Rapid reorganization of the cerebellum in memory visualization. Vision Sciences Society.
. (2020). Rapid training of supramodal spatial cognition and memory for improved navigation in low vision and blindness. ARVO Issue abstract 2020. ARVO 2020. Retrieved from https://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2766791&resultClick=1
. (2019). Top-down control of spatial memory visualization in early visual cortex. Retrieved from VSS, Fl
. (2019). Is the face schema innate? Evidence from learning faces in the congenital blind. Retrieved from SfN
Other Publications
. (2018). Memory drawing and learning in the class room. Retrieved from Southern China Normal University, Guangzhou
. (2014). The neurometabolic underpinnings of fMRI BOLD dynamics. In Advanced Brain Neuroimaging Topics in Health and Disease-Methods and Applications:. InTech. http://doi.org/10.5772/58274
Upcoming Events
There are no Upcoming Events at this time
Past Events
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Society for Human Brain Mapping and Therapeutics Annual Conference
Past Event Date:
Optometry track of the Annual World Congress of the Society for Human Brain Mapping and Therapeutics
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Heinen Lab
Our laboratory studies eye movements to understand basic neural circuitry that moves the eyes for clear vision, and as a tool to probe mental processes that are distinctly human. Our ultimate goal is to understand the substrate of neurological function and dysfunction, leading to development of non-invasive diagnosis and therapy for brain trauma and psychiatric disorders.
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Likova Lab
The main areas of my research are learning and brain plasticity of multimodal sensorimotor processing in the blind and the sighted.
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Active
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ActiveSpectral ERG analysis of hypersensitivity to light in traumatic brain injury
The purpose of this research study is to use the spectral electroretinogram (ERG) to deteremine how the retinal mechanisms of sufferers from abnormal light sensitivity due to head injury differ from those without abnormal light sensitivity.
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ActiveSL-CN: Harnessing the Power of Drawing for the Enhancement of Learning across Levels of Vision Function
This Science of Learning Collaborative Network brings together researchers and experts from the Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute, University of Bamberg (Germany), Columbia University and Emory University to investigate how the visual art of drawing can enhance learning. Underlying learning principles and neural mechanisms will be considered, and how these can be harnessed for real-life learning enhancement. Though humans have been drawing for at least 30,000 years, little is understood about brain processes involved in this activity.
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ActiveMechanisms of Photophobia in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Human Subjects: Therapeutic Implications
The purpose of this grant is to identify the mechanisms responsible for generating photophobia in patients who have suffered mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Currently, estimates indicate that this painful condition persists in about 60% of those who suffered from blast-related traumatic brain injury and 30% of those who suffered non-blast-related concussive injuries.
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Completed
Advanced Spatiomotor Rehabilitation in Blindness and Visual Impairment
We propose a multidisciplinary approach to effective spatiomotor rehabilitation in blindness and visual impairment. For those who have lost vision, the eye-hand coordination normally available for the manipulation of objects for everyday activities is unavailable and has to be replaced by information from other senses
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Completed
Stereoscopic motion-in-depth perception: fMRI and neurophysiological studies
This project is designed to advance the integration of high field fMRI in alert macaque monkeys with "informed" neurophysiology, and to apply it in addressing a long-standing research question regarding the neural processing of stereoscopic 3-D motion.
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Completed
Encoding of 3D Structure in the Visual Scene: A New Conceptualization
The multidisciplinary goal was to develop an integrated conceptualization of the mid-level encoding of 3D object structure from multiple surface cues
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Completed
Human Oculomotor Functions & Their Deficits in Traumatic Brain Injury
Recent studies have established that a high proportion of patients diagnosed with mild (or diffuse) traumatic brain injury (mTBI) exhibit binocular vision dysfunctions, particularly, deficiencies in the binocular coordination of eye movements.
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Completed
Learning in the Sighted and the Blind through Different Sensory Modalities: Structure and Dynamics of Cortical Reorganization
This project focuses on the emerging area of the neuroscience of art learning.
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Inactive
Oculomotor Control
The binocular coordination of movements of the eyes is a complex issue controlled by many brainstem nuclei, and is subject to a wide variety of forms of disruption by traumatic brain injury and ocu
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Current
- Christopher Tyler - Head, Smith-Kettlewell Brain Imaging Center
- Lora Likova - Senior Scientist, Likova Lab Director
- Zhangziyi Zhou - Research Data Analyst