Abstract - Chameleons are considered a potentially important model for vision in non-mammalian vertebrates. They provide exceptional behavioral tools for studying eye movements as well as information gathering and analysis. They perform large-amplitude eye movements that are frequently referred to as independent, or disconjugate. Moreover, they have fully decussated optic nerves with intertectal connections that are not as developed as in mammals. Optical adaptations for arboreal life and insectivoury result in retinal image enlargement and the unique capacity to determine target distance by accommodation cues. However, the extent of the eyes’ independence is unclear. For example, can a chameleon visually track two targets simultaneously and monocularly, i.e. one with each eye? And what will be the ocular motor control pattern of the eyes?

With their extreme visual capacities, chameleons open the field of lateralization, decision making, and context dependence visual behavior. They allow a deeper examination of the relationships between their unique visuo-motor capacities and the central nervous system of reptiles and ectotherms, in general, as compared with mammals.

Improving Zoom accessibility for people with hearing impairments People with hearing impairments often use lipreading and speechreading to improve speech comprehension. This approach is helpful but only works if the speaker’s face and mouth are clearly visible. For the benefit of people with hearing impairments on Zoom calls, please enable your device’s camera whenever you are speaking on Zoom, and face the camera while you speak. (Feel free to disable your camera when you aren’t speaking.)